Over time, there may be a loss of bone height and width in the jaws in areas where teeth are missing. Patients in this situation may require additional bone operations to obtain sufficient bone height and/or width for implant construction. In these operations, the patient’s own bone (autogenous bone) or bone graft materials (xenogenic, allograft, alloplastic materials) are used to add bone.
Which bone augmentation procedure and which material will be used is decided based on the condition of the jawbone, bone density and the amount of additional bone required through clinical examination and 3D computed tomography.
Sinus Elevation (Lifting) Operation
Sinus elevation is the elevation of the sinus cavities that have sagged down by filling them with bone graft materials and allows implant treatment to be applied to the posterior regions of the upper jaw with bone deficiency. This procedure ensures that sufficient bone volume is created for the length and width of the implant that needs to be placed in the bone.
Autogenous block bone technique
Bone defects can occur as a result of long-standing tooth loss, trauma, tumor surgery or congenital defects and prevent implantation. Large bone defects are corrected by using the patient’s own bone. In such cases, the bone areas that can be used vary depending on the amount and quality of bone needed. In smaller defects, autogenous bone can be obtained from the mouth; in large bone deficiency, it is taken from the iliac (hip) bone. Such operations are performed under general anesthesia in operating room conditions and should be controlled in hospital conditions for 1 day after surgery.
Mandibular Nerve Lateralization
The mandibular (inferior alveolar) nerve, which gives the sense of touch to the lower lip and the tip of the jaw, needs to be relocated to achieve sufficient bone height for implant placement. It is a procedure that can only be performed in the lower jaw. It is performed when the 1st and 2nd molars and premolars are missing and a dental implant is to be placed in this area. This operation is very rare and is less preferred than other methods because it can cause numbness in the lip and jaw tip.